The /tmp directory is mounted with noexec permissions by adding the following line to /etc/fstab:
# tmpfs for /tmp with noexec
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs rw,nodev,nosuid,noexec,size=4G,nr_inodes=20k,mode=1700,uid=1000,gid=1001 0 0
It's possible that the size is too small, if so you can update it on the fly by remounting with a different size option (mount -o remount,rw,size=12G) or updating /etc/fstab in the future. This should prevent malicious scripts being executed from /tmp which is world-writable.
Some files are chmodded to 700 so that only the root user can do anything:
/boot/etc/iptables